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Articles

Vol. 3 No. S2 (2026): ILN Journal: Indian Literary Narratives

Balram Halwai and the Limits of Nietzschean Self-Overcoming in Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger

  • Keba Immanuel
Submitted
4 August 2026
Published
2026-10-09

Abstract

This article examines how Balram Halwai seeks freedom in Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger through Nietzsche’s idea of the Übermensch. It explores whether Balram’s break from servitude and rise as an entrepreneur show true self-overcoming and value creation, or if his success still relies on the same systems of control he criticises. The study closely examines Balram’s education, the Rooster Coop metaphor, his use of the white tiger identity, and how he justifies murder. Nietzsche’s distinction between breaking free from old rules and creating new values serves as the main analytical lens. The findings show that while Balram resists an identity forced on him, gaining wealth or breaking moral rules does not make him a true Übermensch. His letters also show that the story depends on a narrator who wants to justify his own success. The article concludes that the novel reveals the ethical uncertainty of individual escape in an unequal society

References

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